Which term refers to the British takeover of New France in 1763, under which New France became the British colony of Québec?

• A. Debt
• B. Refugee
• C. Self-Government
• D. Conquest

Answer: (D)

Conquest is a military takeover of a territory by force, which is exactly what happened when Britain defeated France in the colonial struggle and took control of New France, turning it into the British colony of Québec. After the Seven Years’ War, the Treaty of Paris in 1763 formalized this transfer of sovereignty, marking a change from French to British rule. The term captures the forceful transfer of control, not ongoing debt, refugee movement, or internal self-government. Debt would refer to money owed, refugee to people fleeing danger, and self-government to internal political autonomy, none of which describe how the territory changed hands.